Yanan 延安市 — Cradle of the Chinese Revolution
Yan'an is the most important revolutionary city in Chinese history. From 1936 to 1948, it served as the headquarters of the Chinese Communist Party. Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, and other leaders lived in cave dwellings (yaodong) in this Loess Plateau city, directing the revolution that would eventually take control of China.
Today, Yan'an is a major "red tourism" destination. The cave dwellings, revolutionary museums, and the iconic Yan'an Pagoda on Baota Hill draw millions of domestic visitors each year. Beyond politics, the Loess Plateau landscapes are genuinely striking.
The largest revolutionary museum in China, covering the 13 years (1935–1948) when the CCP made Yan'an its base. Over 3,500 artifacts include Mao's manuscripts, weapons from the Long March, and daily items from the cave dwellings. Essential for understanding modern Chinese history.
Hours: 8:00–17:00 (closed Mondays)
Admission: Free (ID required)
The most important of Yan'an's revolutionary sites. This is where the CCP held the 7th National Congress in 1945, cementing Mao's leadership. The site preserves the cave dwellings where Mao, Zhou Enlai, and Zhu De lived. The Central Auditorium, built in 1942, is an impressive structure.
Hours: 8:00–17:00
Admission: Free
Yan'an's most iconic landmark. The 44-meter Yan'an Pagoda (built in the Tang Dynasty) sits atop the hill and has appeared on countless propaganda posters and banknotes. Climb for panoramic views of the city and the Loess Plateau. Beautifully lit at night.
Hours: 7:00–21:00
Admission: ¥65
Another key revolutionary site where Mao and other leaders lived from 1943–1947. The cave dwellings are well-preserved, and the garden setting makes it one of the more pleasant sites. This is where Mao wrote "On Coalition Government" and hosted American diplomat Patrick Hurley.
Hours: 8:00–17:00
Admission: Free